A Set of General Science Multiple-Choice Questions and Detailed Explanations-01

In the realm of knowledge, multiple-choice questions serve as valuable tools for assessing one's understanding of various subjects. Below, we present a curated selection of ten meticulously crafted questions, each accompanied by clear explanations for enhanced comprehension.

Question 1:

Which gas constitutes the highest proportion of Earth's atmosphere?

A) Oxygen

B) Carbon Dioxide

C) Nitrogen

D) Hydrogen

Answer: C) Nitrogen

Explanation: Nitrogen stands as the predominant component of Earth's atmosphere, comprising approximately 78% of its composition. Following closely behind, oxygen occupies around 21%, with trace amounts of other gases such as carbon dioxide and hydrogen.

Question 2:

What cellular organelle is often referred to as the "powerhouse of the cell"?

A) Mitochondrion

B) Nucleus

C) Golgi Apparatus

D) Endoplasmic Reticulum

Answer: A) Mitochondrion

Explanation: The mitochondrion earns its moniker as the "powerhouse of the cell" due to its pivotal role in generating adenosine triphosphate (ATP), the energy currency driving a myriad of cellular processes.

Question 3:

Which celestial body is commonly known as the "Red Planet"?

A) Venus

B) Mars

C) Jupiter

D) Saturn

Answer: B) Mars

Explanation: The sobriquet "Red Planet" befits Mars, owing to its reddish hue derived from the presence of iron oxide, colloquially known as rust, on its surface.

Question 4:

What is the chemical formula for water?

A) H2O

B) CO2

C) O2

D) CH4

Answer: A) H2O

Explanation: Water's chemical composition is denoted by H2O, signifying two hydrogen atoms bonded to a lone oxygen atom.

Question 5:

Which gas is primarily absorbed by plants from the atmosphere?

A) Oxygen

B) Carbon Dioxide

C) Nitrogen

D) Hydrogen

Answer: B) Carbon Dioxide

Explanation: Through the process of photosynthesis, plants draw in carbon dioxide from the atmosphere and transform it into glucose and oxygen.

Question 6:

Which luminary is credited with formulating the theory of relativity?

A) Isaac Newton

B) Albert Einstein

C) Stephen Hawking

D) Marie Curie

Answer: B) Albert Einstein

Explanation: Albert Einstein is renowned for propounding the theory of relativity, an intellectual milestone that revolutionized our comprehension of space, time, and gravity.

Question 7:

What is the chemical symbol for gold?

A) Ag

B) Au

C) Fe

D) Pb

Answer: B) Au

Explanation: The chemical symbol for gold, 'Au,' traces its origins to the Latin term "aurum."

Question 8:

Which gas is predominantly exhaled by humans?

A) Oxygen

B) Carbon Dioxide

C) Nitrogen

D) Hydrogen

Answer: B) Carbon Dioxide

Explanation: Through respiration, humans expel carbon dioxide, a byproduct of cellular metabolism, into the atmosphere.

Question 9:

Which planetary body reigns as the largest within our solar system?

A) Venus

B) Mars

C) Jupiter

D) Saturn

Answer: C) Jupiter

Explanation: Jupiter commands the title of the solar system's largest planet, boasting a diameter over eleven times that of Earth.

Question 10:

Which gas is responsible for the formation and protection of Earth's ozone layer?

A) Oxygen

B) Carbon Dioxide

C) Chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs)

D) Ozone

Answer: C) Chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs)

Explanation: Although the ozone layer primarily consists of ozone (O3), its integrity is profoundly influenced by human-generated compounds known as chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs), which contribute to its depletion.